[ABAP] RTTS: Interne Tabelle dynamisch erzeugen

Variante 1 (aus DDIC-Struktur)

TRY.
* Strukturdeskriptor für Komponenten (Spalten) der Tabelle anhand einer vorhandenen Struktur erzeugen
    DATA(o_struct_desc) = cl_abap_structdescr=>describe_by_name( 'SFLIGHTS' ).

* Tabellendeskriptor
    DATA(o_table_desc) = cl_abap_tabledescr=>create(
                                                     p_line_type  = CAST #( o_struct_desc )           " Spalten
                                                     p_table_kind = cl_abap_tabledescr=>tablekind_std " Tabellentyp STANDARD TABLE
                                                     p_unique     = abap_false                        " NON-UNIQUE KEY
                                                   ).

* Tabellenobjekt anhand des Tabellendeskriptors erstellen
    DATA: o_table TYPE REF TO data.
    CREATE DATA o_table TYPE HANDLE o_table_desc.

* Feldsymbol auf das Tabellenobjekt
    FIELD-SYMBOLS <table> TYPE ANY TABLE.
    ASSIGN o_table->* TO <table>.

* Daten holen und in Feldsymbol schreiben
    SELECT carrid, connid, carrname, fldate FROM sflights INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE @<table>.

* Datenausgabe
    cl_demo_output=>display( <table> ).

  CATCH cx_root INTO DATA(e_txt).
    WRITE: / e_txt->get_text( ).
ENDTRY.

Variante 2 (eigene Strukturkomponenten)

TRY.
* Dummy für Datadescriptor
    DATA: lv_fldate TYPE sflights-fldate.

* Komponenten (Spalten) der Tabelle
    DATA(it_components) = VALUE cl_abap_structdescr=>component_table(
* Erzeugung über direkte Typangabe, abgeleitet aus dem Typ des eigentlichen Datenelements
* CHAR 3
                                                                      (
                                                                        name = 'CARRID'
                                                                        type = cl_abap_elemdescr=>get_c( 3 ) " S_CARR_ID
                                                                      )
* NUMC 4
                                                                      (
                                                                        name = 'CONNID'
                                                                        type = cl_abap_elemdescr=>get_n( 4 ) " S_CONN_ID
                                                                      )
* Erzeugung über Namen des Datenelements
                                                                      (
                                                                        name = 'CARRNAME'
                                                                        type = CAST #( cl_abap_elemdescr=>describe_by_name( 'S_CARRNAME' ) )
                                                                      )
* Erzeugung über Dummy-Datenobjekt
                                                                      (
                                                                        name = 'FLDATE'
                                                                        type = cast #( cl_abap_datadescr=>describe_by_data( lv_fldate ) )
                                                                      )
                                                                    ).

* Strukturdeskriptor für Komponententabelle
    DATA(o_struct_desc) = cl_abap_structdescr=>create( it_components ).

* Tabellendeskriptor
    DATA(o_table_desc) = cl_abap_tabledescr=>create(
                                                     p_line_type  = o_struct_desc                       " Spalten
                                                     p_table_kind = cl_abap_tabledescr=>tablekind_std   " Tabellentyp STANDARD TABLE
                                                     p_unique     = abap_false                          " NON-UNIQUE KEY
                                                     p_key        = VALUE #(                            " CARRID, CONNID als KEY
                                                                             ( name = 'CARRID' )
                                                                             ( name = 'CONNID' )
                                                                           )
                                                     p_key_kind   = cl_abap_tabledescr=>keydefkind_user " Benutzerdefinierter Schlüssel
                                                   ).

* Tabellenobjekt anhand des Tabellendeskriptors erstellen
    DATA: o_table TYPE REF TO data.
    CREATE DATA o_table TYPE HANDLE o_table_desc.

* Feldsymbol auf das Tabellenobjekt
    FIELD-SYMBOLS <table> TYPE ANY TABLE.
    ASSIGN o_table->* TO <table>.

* Daten holen und in Feldsymbol schreiben
    SELECT carrid, connid, carrname, fldate FROM sflights INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE @<table>.

* Datenausgabe
    cl_demo_output=>display( <table> ).

  CATCH cx_root INTO DATA(e_txt).
    WRITE: / e_txt->get_text( ).
ENDTRY.

[ABAP] Vergleich Feldsymbole (FIELD-SYMBOLS) und Datenreferenzen (REF TO)

Feldsymbole (FIELD-SYMBOLS)

  • Alias / Referenz auf Datenbereich
  • im Ggs. zu Referenzen nur Wertvergleich möglich, kein Vergleich der Referenz
  • Zuweisung erfolgt zur Laufzeit
  • Casting möglich: ASSIGN … TO CASTING TYPE typename.

Datenreferenzen (REF TO)

  • Pointer auf Datenobjekte
  • im Ggs. zu Feldsymbolen ist der Vergleich von Referenzen und Werten möglich
  • typisiert: … TYPE REF TO typename.
  • untypisiert: … TYPE REF TO data.
  • dynamische Speicherallokation über NEW
  • Casting möglich: CAST, ?=
  • Zurgiff erfolgt immer über Dereferenzierung (->, ->*)

[ABAP] Layer(Schichten)-Prinzip

Layer(Schichten)-Prinzip

  • Layers of abstraction: hierarchisch (ober -> unten)
  • ein Layer == eine Funktionalität für ein Problem
  • jeder Layer kommuniziert nur mit Layer darunter / darüber
  • Kommunikation zw. Layern über Interfaces (Protokolle)
  • Layerimplementierungen sind ersetzbar

Beispiel (classic three-tiere architecture)

  • Präsentation layer (UI + UI-Events)
  • Application layer (Applikation, Services)
  • Persistence layer (Persistenz, Data provider)

[ABAP] Abbildung von boolschen Werten im ABAP

Typen

Typ          Herkunft                  Anmerkung
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
abap_bool    Typegruppe ABAP           empfohlen in den offiziellen ABAP Programming Guidelines
                                       Ab Release 7.40 sind bei Predicative Method Calls Rückgabewerte vom Typ ABAP_BOOL notwendig
                                       https://help.sap.com/doc/abapdocu_752_index_htm/7.52/de-DE/abenpredicative_method_calls.htm
boolean      Datenelement BOOLEAN      hat keine Feldbezeichner
xfeld        Datenelement XFELD        hat keine Feldbezeichner
os_boolean   Datenelement OS_BOOLEAN
wdy_boolean  Datenelement WDY_BOOLEAN
ddbool_d     Datenelement DDBOOL_D

Werte

boolscher Typ  ABAP-Konstante                ABAP-Wert  Definition         Datentyp  Länge
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
true           abap_true                     'X'        Typegruppe ABAP    char      1
false          abap_false                    ' '        Typegruppe ABAP    char      1
               abap_undefined                '-'        Typegruppe ABAP    char      1
true           cl_abap_typedescr=>true       'X'        cl_abap_typedescr  char      1
false          cl_abap_typedescr=>false      ' '        cl_abap_typedescr  char      1
               cl_abap_typedescr=>undefined  '-'        cl_abap_typedescr  char      1

[ABAP] Interne Tabellen: Schleifen mit FOR, THEN, WHILE, GROUPS, IN GROUP

Variante 1 (FOR … WHILE)

DATA(it_strings) = VALUE stringtab( ).

it_strings = VALUE #(
* For i = 1 To 10
                      FOR i = 1 WHILE i < 11
                      (
                        |{ i }|
                      )
                    ).

cl_demo_output=>display( it_strings ).

Variante 2 (FOR … WHILE mit Schrittweite)

                        
DATA(it_strings) = VALUE stringtab( ).

it_strings = VALUE #(
* For i = 1 To 10 Step 2
                      FOR i = 1 THEN i + 2 WHILE i < 11
                      (
                        |{ i }|
                      )
                    ).

cl_demo_output=>display( it_strings ).

Variante 3 (NESTED FOR)

                        
SELECT * FROM sflight INTO TABLE @DATA(it_sflight).
SELECT * FROM spfli INTO TABLE @DATA(it_spfli).

DATA(it_strings) = VALUE stringtab(
* alle Einträge aus sflight ab 01.01.2013
                                    FOR <f> IN it_sflight INDEX INTO idxf WHERE ( fldate >= '20130101' )
* alle Einträge aus spfli mit den Schlüsseln wie in der Ergebnismenge des vorherigen FOR
                                      FOR <c> IN it_spfli INDEX INTO idxc WHERE ( carrid = <f>-carrid AND connid = <f>-connid )
                                      (
* Ausgabe als Stringtab
                                        |{ idxf } \| { idxc } \| { <c>-carrid } \| { <c>-connid } \| { <c>-airpfrom }|
                                      )
                                  ).

cl_demo_output=>display( it_strings ).

Variante 4 (FOR GROUPS, FOR … IN GROUP)

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_mat,
         matnr TYPE matnr,
         mtart TYPE mtart,
         price TYPE kbetr,
       END OF ty_mat.

TYPES: ty_it_mat TYPE HASHED TABLE OF ty_mat WITH UNIQUE KEY matnr
                                             WITH NON-UNIQUE SORTED KEY key_mtart COMPONENTS mtart.

TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_mat_sum,
         mtart TYPE mtart,
         count TYPE i,
         price TYPE kbetr,
       END OF ty_mat_sum.

TYPES: ty_it_mat_sum TYPE HASHED TABLE OF ty_mat_sum WITH UNIQUE KEY mtart.

* Tabelle mit Materialien
DATA(it_mat) = VALUE ty_it_mat(
                                ( matnr = '1' mtart = 'ROH'  price = '1.56' )
                                ( matnr = '2' mtart = 'ROH'  price = '2.00' )
                                ( matnr = '3' mtart = 'NLAG' price = '3.10' )
                                ( matnr = '4' mtart = 'NLAG' price = '0.40' )
                                ( matnr = '5' mtart = 'NLAG' price = '4.10' )
                                ( matnr = '6' mtart = 'HALB' price = '1.00' )
                                ( matnr = '7' mtart = 'HALB' price = '0.10' )
                              ).

* Tabelle gruppiert nach Materialarten ohne 'HALB' und summierten Preisen
DATA(it_mat_sum) = VALUE ty_it_mat_sum(
                                        FOR GROUPS grp OF <mtart> IN it_mat WHERE ( mtart NE 'HALB' ) GROUP BY ( mtart = <mtart>-mtart size = GROUP SIZE )
                                        (
                                          mtart = grp-mtart " Materialart der Gruppe
                                          count = grp-size  " Anz. Elemente der Gruppe
                                          price = REDUCE #( " Summe über die Elemente der akt. Gruppe bilden
                                                            INIT p = '0.00'
                                                            FOR <m> IN GROUP grp WHERE ( mtart = grp-mtart )
                                                            NEXT p = p + <m>-price
                                                          )
                                        )
                                      ).

cl_demo_output=>display( it_mat_sum ).

Links

[ABAP] ABAP2XLSX: Interne Tabelle als Excel-Datei (*.xlsx) aufbereiten und mit Desktop Office Integration (DOI) als Excel inplace anzeigen

Variante 1 (Daten aus der Tabelle SFLIGHT anzeigen)

* Dummy-Screen für cl_gui_container=>default_screen deklarieren
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF SCREEN 100.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF SCREEN 100.

START-OF-SELECTION.

* Daten holen
  SELECT * FROM sflight INTO TABLE @DATA(it_sflight).

  TRY.
* ABAP2XLSX
      DATA: o_xl TYPE REF TO zcl_excel.

* Converter itab->ABAP2XLSX
      DATA(o_converter) = NEW zcl_excel_converter( ).

      o_converter->convert( EXPORTING
                              it_table = it_sflight
                            CHANGING
                              co_excel = o_xl ).

* aktive Worksheet
      DATA(o_xl_ws) = o_xl->get_active_worksheet( ).
* oberste Zeile einfrieren -> beim Scrollen immer sichtbar
      o_xl_ws->freeze_panes( ip_num_rows = 1 ).

* Binärdaten (xstring) generieren
      DATA(o_xlwriter) = CAST zif_excel_writer( NEW zcl_excel_writer_2007( ) ).
      DATA(lv_xl_xdata) = o_xlwriter->write_file( o_xl ).

* Daten mit DOI (Excel inplace) anzeigen
      DATA: o_oic TYPE REF TO i_oi_container_control.
      DATA: o_oid TYPE REF TO i_oi_document_proxy.
      DATA: o_err TYPE REF TO i_oi_error.
      DATA: it_errors TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF REF TO i_oi_error WITH NON-UNIQUE DEFAULT KEY.

      c_oi_container_control_creator=>get_container_control( IMPORTING
                                                               control = o_oic
                                                               error   = o_err ).

      APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

      IF abap_true = o_err->has_succeeded.
        o_oic->init_control( EXPORTING
                               inplace_enabled     = abap_true
                               no_flush            = abap_true
                               r3_application_name = 'Flugverbindungen'
                               parent              = cl_gui_container=>default_screen
                             IMPORTING
                               error               = o_err ).

        APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

        IF abap_true = o_err->has_succeeded.
          o_oic->get_document_proxy( EXPORTING
                                       document_type  = soi_doctype_excel_sheet " 'Excel.Sheet'
                                     IMPORTING
                                       document_proxy = o_oid
                                       error          = o_err ).
          APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

          IF abap_true = o_err->has_succeeded.
            DATA(it_raw) = cl_bcs_convert=>xstring_to_solix( iv_xstring = lv_xl_xdata ).
            DATA(lv_rawlen) = xstrlen( lv_xl_xdata ).

* Binärdaten des *.xlsx im Hintergrund an DOI-Objekt senden und anzeigen
            o_oid->open_document_from_table( EXPORTING
                                               document_size  = lv_rawlen
                                               document_table = it_raw
                                               open_inplace   = abap_true
                                             IMPORTING
                                               error          = o_err ).

            APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

            IF abap_true = o_err->has_succeeded.

* leere Toolbar ausblenden
              cl_abap_list_layout=>suppress_toolbar( ).

* cl_gui_container=>default_screen erzwingen
              CALL SCREEN 100.

* Schließen eines Dokuments in der Office-Anwendung
              o_oid->close_document( IMPORTING error = o_err ).

              APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

              IF o_err->has_succeeded = abap_true.

* Schließen eines Visual-Basic-Dokuments
                o_oid->close_activex_document( IMPORTING error = o_err ).

                APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

                IF o_err->has_succeeded = abap_true.

* Freigabe des für das Dokument reservierten Speichers
                  o_oid->release_document( IMPORTING error = o_err ).

                  APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

                  IF o_err->has_succeeded = abap_true.
                    FREE: o_oid.
                  ENDIF.
                ENDIF.
              ENDIF.
            ENDIF.

* baut das Control ab
            o_oic->destroy_control( IMPORTING error = o_err ).

            APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

            IF o_err->has_succeeded = abap_true.
              FREE: o_oic.
            ENDIF.

          ENDIF.
        ENDIF.
      ENDIF.

* Ausgabe Fehlerprotokoll
      DATA: lv_message_id TYPE sy-msgid.
      DATA: lv_message_number TYPE sy-msgno.
      DATA: lv_param1 TYPE sy-msgv1.
      DATA: lv_param2 TYPE sy-msgv2.
      DATA: lv_param3 TYPE sy-msgv3.
      DATA: lv_param4 TYPE sy-msgv4.

      LOOP AT it_errors ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<e>).
        <e>->get_message( IMPORTING
                            message_id     = lv_message_id
                            message_number = lv_message_number
                            param1         = lv_param1
                            param2         = lv_param2
                            param3         = lv_param3
                            param4         = lv_param4
                        ).
        WRITE: / <e>->error_code, lv_message_id, lv_message_number, lv_param1, lv_param2, lv_param3, lv_param4.
      ENDLOOP.

    CATCH cx_root INTO DATA(e_txt).
      WRITE: / e_txt->get_text( ).
  ENDTRY.

Variante 2 (Daten aus der Tabelle SFLIGHT anzeigen, Styles festlegen)

* Dummy-Screen für cl_gui_container=>default_screen deklarieren
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF SCREEN 100.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF SCREEN 100.

START-OF-SELECTION.

* Daten holen
  SELECT * FROM sflight INTO TABLE @DATA(it_sflight).

  TRY.
* ABAP2XLSX
      DATA(o_xl) = NEW zcl_excel( ).
* aktive Worksheet
      DATA(o_xl_ws) = o_xl->get_active_worksheet( ).
* Name der Sheet
      o_xl_ws->set_title( ip_title = 'Flights' ).

* Tabelle übergeben und Style festlegen
      o_xl_ws->bind_table( ip_table          = it_sflight
                           is_table_settings = VALUE #(
                                                        table_style      = zcl_excel_table=>builtinstyle_medium2
*                                                  show_row_stripes = abap_true
                                                      )
                         ).

* oberste Zeile einfrieren -> beim Scrollen immer sichtbar
      o_xl_ws->freeze_panes( ip_num_rows = 1 ).

* Binärdaten (xstring) generieren
      DATA(o_xlwriter) = CAST zif_excel_writer( NEW zcl_excel_writer_2007( ) ).
      DATA(lv_xl_xdata) = o_xlwriter->write_file( o_xl ).

* Daten mit DOI (Excel inplace) anzeigen
      DATA: o_oic TYPE REF TO i_oi_container_control.
      DATA: o_oid TYPE REF TO i_oi_document_proxy.
      DATA: o_err TYPE REF TO i_oi_error.
      DATA: it_errors TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF REF TO i_oi_error WITH NON-UNIQUE DEFAULT KEY.

      c_oi_container_control_creator=>get_container_control( IMPORTING
                                                               control = o_oic
                                                               error   = o_err ).

      APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

      IF abap_true = o_err->has_succeeded.
        o_oic->init_control( EXPORTING
                               inplace_enabled     = abap_true
                               no_flush            = abap_true
                               r3_application_name = 'Flugverbindungen'
                               parent              = cl_gui_container=>default_screen
                             IMPORTING
                               error               = o_err ).

        APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

        IF abap_true = o_err->has_succeeded.
          o_oic->get_document_proxy( EXPORTING
                                       document_type  = soi_doctype_excel_sheet " 'Excel.Sheet'
                                     IMPORTING
                                       document_proxy = o_oid
                                       error          = o_err ).

          APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

          IF abap_true = o_err->has_succeeded.
            DATA(it_raw) = cl_bcs_convert=>xstring_to_solix( iv_xstring = lv_xl_xdata ).
            DATA(lv_rawlen) = xstrlen( lv_xl_xdata ).

* Binärdaten des *.xlsx im Hintergrund an DOI-Objekt senden und anzeigen
            o_oid->open_document_from_table( EXPORTING
                                               document_size    = lv_rawlen
                                               document_table   = it_raw
                                               open_inplace     = abap_true
                                             IMPORTING
                                               error          = o_err ).

            APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

            IF abap_true = o_err->has_succeeded.

* leere Toolbar ausblenden
              cl_abap_list_layout=>suppress_toolbar( ).

* cl_gui_container=>default_screen erzwingen
              CALL SCREEN 100.

* Schließen eines Dokuments in der Office-Anwendung
              o_oid->close_document( IMPORTING error = o_err ).

              APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

              IF o_err->has_succeeded = abap_true.

* Schließen eines Visual-Basic-Dokuments
                o_oid->close_activex_document( IMPORTING error = o_err ).

                APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

                IF o_err->has_succeeded = abap_true.

* Freigabe des für das Dokument reservierten Speichers
                  o_oid->release_document( IMPORTING error = o_err ).

                  APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

                  IF o_err->has_succeeded = abap_true.
                    FREE: o_oid.
                  ENDIF.
                ENDIF.
              ENDIF.
            ENDIF.

* baut das Control ab
            o_oic->destroy_control( IMPORTING error = o_err ).

            APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

            IF o_err->has_succeeded = abap_true.
              FREE: o_oic.
            ENDIF.

          ENDIF.
        ENDIF.
      ENDIF.

* Ausgabe Fehlerprotokoll
      DATA: lv_message_id TYPE sy-msgid.
      DATA: lv_message_number TYPE sy-msgno.
      DATA: lv_param1 TYPE sy-msgv1.
      DATA: lv_param2 TYPE sy-msgv2.
      DATA: lv_param3 TYPE sy-msgv3.
      DATA: lv_param4 TYPE sy-msgv4.

      LOOP AT it_errors ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<e>).
        <e>->get_message( IMPORTING
                            message_id     = lv_message_id
                            message_number = lv_message_number
                            param1         = lv_param1
                            param2         = lv_param2
                            param3         = lv_param3
                            param4         = lv_param4
                        ).
        WRITE: / <e>->error_code, lv_message_id, lv_message_number, lv_param1, lv_param2, lv_param3, lv_param4.
      ENDLOOP.

    CATCH cx_root INTO DATA(e_txt).
      WRITE: / e_txt->get_text( ).
  ENDTRY.

Variante 3 (Daten aus der Tabelle SFLIGHT anzeigen, Komplexbeispiel)

* Dummy-Screen für cl_gui_container=>default_screen deklarieren
SELECTION-SCREEN BEGIN OF SCREEN 100.
SELECTION-SCREEN END OF SCREEN 100.

START-OF-SELECTION.

* Daten holen
  SELECT * FROM sflight INTO TABLE @DATA(it_sflight).

  TRY.
* ABAP2XLSX
      DATA(o_xl) = NEW zcl_excel( ).
* aktive Worksheet
      DATA(o_xl_ws) = o_xl->get_active_worksheet( ).
* Name der Sheet
      o_xl_ws->set_title( ip_title = 'Flights' ).
* Gitterlinien ausschalten
      o_xl_ws->set_show_gridlines( i_show_gridlines = abap_false ).
* oberste zwei Zeilen einfrieren -> beim Scrollen immer sichtbar
      o_xl_ws->freeze_panes( ip_num_rows = 2 ).

* RTTS: Table: Beschreibung
      DATA(o_tdesc) = CAST cl_abap_tabledescr( cl_abap_tabledescr=>describe_by_data( it_sflight ) ).
* RTTS: Row: Beschreibung
      DATA(o_sdesc) = CAST cl_abap_structdescr( o_tdesc->get_table_line_type( ) ).
* RTTS: Col: Komponenten (Felder) -> DFIES: DD-Schnittstelle: Tabellenfelder für DDIF_FIELDINFO_GET
      DATA(it_com) = o_sdesc->get_components( ).

* Header einfügen
      LOOP AT it_com ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<c>).
        DATA(lv_col_head) = sy-tabix.
* Prüfen, ob DDIC-Typ, damit die Metadaten ausgelesen werden können
        DATA(o_edesc_head) = CAST cl_abap_elemdescr( <c>-type ).
        IF o_edesc_head->is_ddic_type( ) EQ abap_true.
          DATA(lv_dfies_head) = o_edesc_head->get_ddic_field( ).
* technischer Name in die erste Zeile
          o_xl_ws->set_cell( ip_column = lv_col_head
                             ip_row    = 1
                             ip_value  = <c>-name ).
* Langtext des Feldes in die zweite Zeile
          o_xl_ws->set_cell( ip_column = lv_col_head
                             ip_row    = 2
                             ip_value  = lv_dfies_head-scrtext_l ).

* Spaltenbreite setzen
          o_xl_ws->get_column( lv_col_head )->set_width( strlen( lv_dfies_head-scrtext_l ) + 5 ).
        ENDIF.

      ENDLOOP.

* Daten einfügen
      LOOP AT it_sflight ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<row>).
        DATA(lv_row) = sy-tabix + 2.

        LOOP AT it_com ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<col>).
          DATA(lv_col) = sy-tabix.

* Prüfen, ob DDIC-Typ, damit die Metadaten ausgelesen werden können
          DATA(o_edesc) = CAST cl_abap_elemdescr( <col>-type ).
          IF o_edesc->is_ddic_type( ) EQ abap_true.
* wenn DDIC-Typ, dann Metainformationen auslesen
            DATA(lv_dfies) = o_edesc->get_ddic_field( ).
* anhand des Komponentennamens den akt. Zellinhalt einer Zeile lesen
            ASSIGN COMPONENT <col>-name OF STRUCTURE <row> TO FIELD-SYMBOL(<cell>).
            IF <cell> IS ASSIGNED.
              o_xl_ws->set_cell( ip_column = lv_col
                                 ip_row    = lv_row
                                 ip_value  = <cell> ).
            ENDIF.
          ENDIF.
        ENDLOOP.

* Zeilenhöhe
        o_xl_ws->get_row( ip_row = lv_row )->set_row_height( 15 ).
      ENDLOOP.

* Autofilter setzen
      DATA(o_autofilter) = o_xl->add_new_autofilter( io_sheet = o_xl_ws ).
      o_autofilter->set_filter_area( is_area = VALUE #( row_start = 2
                                                        col_start = 1
                                                        row_end   = o_xl_ws->get_highest_row( )
                                                        col_end   = o_xl_ws->get_highest_column( ) ) ).

* Binärdaten (xstring) generieren
      DATA(o_xlwriter) = CAST zif_excel_writer( NEW zcl_excel_writer_2007( ) ).
      DATA(lv_xl_xdata) = o_xlwriter->write_file( o_xl ).

* Daten mit DOI (Excel inplace) anzeigen
      DATA: o_oic TYPE REF TO i_oi_container_control.
      DATA: o_oid TYPE REF TO i_oi_document_proxy.
      DATA: o_err TYPE REF TO i_oi_error.
      DATA: it_errors TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF REF TO i_oi_error WITH NON-UNIQUE DEFAULT KEY.

      c_oi_container_control_creator=>get_container_control( IMPORTING
                                                               control = o_oic
                                                               error   = o_err ).

      APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

      IF abap_true = o_err->has_succeeded.
        o_oic->init_control( EXPORTING
                               inplace_enabled     = abap_true
                               no_flush            = abap_true
                               r3_application_name = 'Flugverbindungen'
                               parent              = cl_gui_container=>default_screen
                             IMPORTING
                               error               = o_err ).

        APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

        IF abap_true = o_err->has_succeeded.
          o_oic->get_document_proxy( EXPORTING
                                       document_type  = soi_doctype_excel_sheet " 'Excel.Sheet'
                                     IMPORTING
                                       document_proxy = o_oid
                                       error          = o_err ).

          APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

          IF abap_true = o_err->has_succeeded.
            DATA(it_raw) = cl_bcs_convert=>xstring_to_solix( iv_xstring = lv_xl_xdata ).
            DATA(lv_rawlen) = xstrlen( lv_xl_xdata ).

* Binärdaten des *.xlsx im Hintergrund an DOI-Objekt senden und anzeigen
            o_oid->open_document_from_table( EXPORTING
                                               document_size  = lv_rawlen
                                               document_table = it_raw
                                               open_inplace   = abap_true
                                             IMPORTING
                                               error          = o_err ).

            APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

            IF abap_true = o_err->has_succeeded.
* leere Toolbar ausblenden
              cl_abap_list_layout=>suppress_toolbar( ).

* cl_gui_container=>default_screen erzwingen
              CALL SCREEN 100.

* Schließen eines Dokuments in der Office-Anwendung
              o_oid->close_document( IMPORTING error = o_err ).

              APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

              IF o_err->has_succeeded = abap_true.

* Schließen eines Visual-Basic-Dokuments
                o_oid->close_activex_document( IMPORTING error = o_err ).

                APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

                IF o_err->has_succeeded = abap_true.

* Freigabe des für das Dokument reservierten Speichers
                  o_oid->release_document( IMPORTING error = o_err ).

                  APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

                  IF o_err->has_succeeded = abap_true.
                    FREE: o_oid.
                  ENDIF.
                ENDIF.
              ENDIF.
            ENDIF.

* baut das Control ab
            o_oic->destroy_control( IMPORTING error = o_err ).

            APPEND o_err TO it_errors.

            IF o_err->has_succeeded = abap_true.
              FREE: o_oic.
            ENDIF.

          ENDIF.
        ENDIF.
      ENDIF.

* Ausgabe Fehlerprotokoll
      DATA: lv_message_id TYPE sy-msgid.
      DATA: lv_message_number TYPE sy-msgno.
      DATA: lv_param1 TYPE sy-msgv1.
      DATA: lv_param2 TYPE sy-msgv2.
      DATA: lv_param3 TYPE sy-msgv3.
      DATA: lv_param4 TYPE sy-msgv4.

      LOOP AT it_errors ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<e>).
        <e>->get_message( IMPORTING
                            message_id     = lv_message_id
                            message_number = lv_message_number
                            param1         = lv_param1
                            param2         = lv_param2
                            param3         = lv_param3
                            param4         = lv_param4
                        ).
        WRITE: / <e>->error_code, lv_message_id, lv_message_number, lv_param1, lv_param2, lv_param3, lv_param4.
      ENDLOOP.

    CATCH cx_root INTO DATA(e_txt).
      WRITE: / e_txt->get_text( ).
  ENDTRY.

[ABAP] CSS-Code als ABAP-INCLUDE speichern und laden

Über die Nutzung von Includes ist es möglich beliebigen Code im SAP abzulegen und darauf zuzugreifen. Folgende Schritte sind notwendig:

  • SE80 -> neues INCLUDE anlegen (Bsp.: ZCSSINCLUDE)
  • CSS-Code im INCLUDE eintragen
  • Aktvieren! (Ja, das funktioniert.)
  • CSS-Code (INCLUDE) im ABAP-Code lesen
* Name des INCLUDEs mit dem CSS-Code
CONSTANTS: co_cssinclude TYPE char12 VALUE 'ZCSSINCLUDE'.
* String für CSS-Daten
DATA: lv_css TYPE string.
	
* Prüfen, ob INCLUDE im System (TADIR) aktiv vorhanden
SELECT SINGLE obj_name
  INTO @DATA(lv_obj_name)
  FROM tadir
  WHERE obj_name = @co_w3css
    AND pgmid    = 'R3TR'
    AND object   = 'PROG'.

IF sy-subrc = 0.

* Stringtab für Code
  DATA: it_incl_code TYPE stringtab.

* Code des INCLUDEs lesen
  READ REPORT co_w3css INTO it_incl_code.

  IF sy-subrc = 0.
* String-Tabelle mit CSS-Code in String wandeln, Trennzeichen ist CRLF
    lv_css = REDUCE string( INIT s = ||
                            FOR <s> IN it_incl_code
                            NEXT s = COND #( WHEN s IS INITIAL THEN |{ <s> }| ELSE |{ s }{ cl_abap_char_utilities=>cr_lf }{ <s> }| ) ).
  ENDIF.
ENDIF.

* HTML mit CSS-INCLUDE
DATA(lv_html) = '<!DOCTYPE html>' &&
                '<html>' &&
                '<title>Lagermaterialkatalog</title>' &&
                '<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">' &&
                '<style>' && lv_css && '</style>' &&
                '<body>' &&
                '</body>' &&
                '</html>'.