get_header_fields | Die Codezentrale

Piyush Philip auf sap.com hat eine simple Möglichkeit beschrieben, wie man in ABAP einen REST-Service mit den entsprechenden CRUD-Methoden implementieren kann. Dazu ist im Wesentlichen nur eine eigene Handler-Klasse zu implementieren, die von IF_HTTP_EXTENSION erbt. Diese Handler-Klasse wird von einem Service des ICF gerufen.

SE80 -> Neue Klasse anlegen
In der Klasse im Reiter Interfaces: vom Interface IF_HTTP_EXTENSION erben

die Interface-Methode IF_HTTP_EXTENSION~HANDLE_REQUEST implementieren (implementiert nur REST, kein OData-Sevice!)

METHOD if_http_extension~handle_request.

* Typen
    TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_json_request,
             param1 TYPE char64,
             param2 TYPE char64,
           END OF ty_json_request.

    TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_json_response,
             success   TYPE string,
             msg       TYPE string,
             operation TYPE string,
           END OF ty_json_response.

* Variablen
    DATA: rv_response TYPE ty_json_response.
    DATA: it_path_info TYPE stringtab.
    DATA: it_query_strings TYPE stringtab.

* Header Fields auslesen
    DATA: it_header_fields TYPE tihttpnvp.
    server->request->get_header_fields( CHANGING fields = it_header_fields ).

* Request Methode (POST, GET, PUT, DELETE ...)
    DATA(lv_request_method) = server->request->get_header_field( name = '~request_method' ).

* URL Pathinfo
    DATA(lv_path_info) = server->request->get_header_field( name = '~path_info' ).
* erstes '/' entfernen
    SHIFT lv_path_info LEFT BY 1 PLACES.
    SPLIT lv_path_info AT '/' INTO TABLE it_path_info.

* URL Parameter (Query Strings) für Auswertung
    DATA(lv_query_string) = server->request->get_header_field( name = '~query_string' ).
    SPLIT lv_query_string AT '&' INTO TABLE it_query_strings.

* Request Methoden behandeln
    CASE lv_request_method.
* C (Create)
      WHEN 'POST'.
* Beispiel: per Request übermittelte JSON-Daten auslesen und behandeln
* Content-Typ auslesen
        DATA(lv_request_content_type) = server->request->get_content_type( ).

* Wenn Content-Typ JSON
        IF lv_request_content_type CP if_rest_media_type=>gc_appl_json.
* JSON-Daten auslesen und nach ABAP-Typ konvertieren -> Parameternamen müssen übereinstimmen, sonst HTTP 500!
          DATA(lv_request_cdata) = server->request->get_cdata( ).

          DATA: lv_request_abap TYPE ty_json_request.

          TRY.
              /ui2/cl_json=>deserialize( EXPORTING json = lv_request_cdata
                                                   pretty_name = /ui2/cl_json=>pretty_mode-camel_case
                                         CHANGING  data = lv_request_abap ).

            CATCH cx_root INTO DATA(e_txt).
              MESSAGE e_txt->get_text( ) TYPE 'S' DISPLAY LIKE 'E'.
          ENDTRY.

          rv_response = VALUE #( success   = 'true'
                                 msg       = lv_request_abap-param1 && ' | ' && lv_request_abap-param2
                                 operation = lv_request_method ).
        ELSE.
          rv_response = VALUE #( success   = 'false'
                                 msg       = 'Request content type must be application/json'
                                 operation = lv_request_method ).
        ENDIF.
* R (Read)
      WHEN 'GET'.
        DATA(lv_param) = server->request->get_form_field( 'param' ).

        rv_response = VALUE #( success   = 'true'
                               msg       = lv_param
                               operation = lv_request_method ).
* U (Update)
      WHEN 'PUT'.
        rv_response = VALUE #( success   = 'true'
                               msg       = ''
                               operation = lv_request_method ).
* D (Delete)
      WHEN 'DELETE'.
        rv_response = VALUE #( success   = 'true'
                               msg       = ''
                               operation = lv_request_method ).

* unerlaubte Methoden abfangen
      WHEN OTHERS.
* Fehlercode 405 zurückgeben
        server->response->set_status( code   = cl_rest_status_code=>gc_client_error_meth_not_allwd
                                      reason = 'method not allowed' ).

        server->response->set_content_type( if_rest_media_type=>gc_appl_json ).

        server->response->set_header_field( name  = if_http_header_fields=>allow
                                            value = 'POST,GET,PUT,DELETE' ).

        rv_response = VALUE #( success   = 'false'
                               msg       = 'error'
                               operation = lv_request_method ).
    ENDCASE.

* wenn erfolgreich, dann Wert zurückgeben
    IF rv_response-success = 'true'.
* HTTP-Status 200
      server->response->set_status( code   = cl_rest_status_code=>gc_success_ok
                                    reason = 'Ok.' ).

* application/json
      server->response->set_content_type( if_rest_media_type=>gc_appl_json ).

* Service-Response als JSON zurückgeben
      server->response->set_cdata( data = /ui2/cl_json=>serialize( data        = rv_response
                                                                   pretty_name = /ui2/cl_json=>pretty_mode-camel_case ) ).

    ENDIF.

ENDMETHOD.

SICF -> neue ICF-Node (Sub-Element) unterhalb default_host -> sap -> bc als neuen unabhängigen Service anlegen
in der Handlerliste des Service die erstellte Klasse als “Handler” angeben
auf die neue ICF-Node rechtsklicken -> Service aktivieren
auf die neue ICF-Node rechtsklicken -> Service testen
URL aus Browserfenster kopieren (http://domain.de/sap/bc/servicename?sap-client=900)
im Browser mir einem Rest-Plugin (FireFox-Prugin: Rested) testen

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TRY. * URL DATA(lv_url) = |https://www.google.de/|. DATA: o_client TYPE REF TO if_http_client. * Client-Objekt erzeugen cl_http_client=>create_by_url( EXPORTING url = lv_url IMPORTING client = o_client ). IF o_client IS BOUND. * Anmeldedaten übermitteln o_client->authenticate( username = '' password = '' ). * Logon-Popup ein- bzw. ausschalten o_client->propertytype_logon_popup = o_client->co_enabled. * HTTP-Prtotokoll-Version o_client->request->set_version( version = if_http_request=>co_protocol_version_1_1 ). * HTTP-Method o_client->request->set_method( if_http_request=>co_request_method_get ). * Header-Felder explizit setzen * o_client->request->set_header_field( name = '~request_method' * value = 'GET' ). * * o_client->request->set_header_field( name = 'Content-Type' * value = 'text/xml; charset=utf-8' ). * * o_client->request->set_header_field( name = 'Accept' * value = 'text/xml, text/html' ). * Cookies akzeptieren o_client->propertytype_accept_cookie = if_http_client=>co_enabled. * Kompression akzeptieren o_client->propertytype_accept_compress = if_http_client=>co_enabled. * HTTP GET senden, evtl. Timeout angeben o_client->send( timeout = if_http_client=>co_timeout_default ). * Response lesen o_client->receive( ). DATA: lv_http_status TYPE i. DATA: lv_status_text TYPE string. * HTTP Return Code holen o_client->response->get_status( IMPORTING code = lv_http_status reason = lv_status_text ). WRITE: / 'HTTP_STATUS_CODE:', lv_http_status. WRITE: / 'STATUS_TEXT:', lv_status_text. * Header-Daten der Übertragung WRITE: / 'HEADER_FIELDS:'. DATA(it_header_fields) = VALUE tihttpnvp( ). o_client->response->get_header_fields( CHANGING fields = it_header_fields ). LOOP AT it_header_fields ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<f>). WRITE: / '[', <f>-name, ']', <f>-value. ENDLOOP. * Cookies holen WRITE: / 'COOKIES:'. DATA(it_cookies) = VALUE tihttpcki( ). o_client->response->get_cookies( CHANGING cookies = it_cookies ). LOOP AT it_cookies ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<c>). WRITE: / '[', <c>-name, ']', <c>-value, <c>-xdomain, <c>-path, <c>-secure, <c>-expires. ENDLOOP. * vollständige HTTP Nachricht lesen DATA(lv_raw_message) = o_client->response->get_raw_message( ). DATA: lv_str_msg TYPE string. * xstring -> string DATA(o_conv_r) = cl_abap_conv_in_ce=>create( input = lv_raw_message encoding = 'UTF-8' ). o_conv_r->read( IMPORTING data = lv_str_msg ). WRITE: / 'RAW MESSAGE:', lv_str_msg. * Wenn Status 200 (Ok) IF lv_http_status = 200. * HTTP Body als Character-Daten DATA(lv_result) = o_client->response->get_cdata( ). WRITE: / 'CDATA:'. WRITE: / lv_result. ENDIF. * HTTP Connection schließen o_client->close( ). ENDIF. CATCH cx_root INTO DATA(e_txt). WRITE: / e_txt->get_text( ). ENDTRY.

* mit SM59 einrichten DATA: lv_http_dest TYPE rfcdest VALUE 'HTTP_ALIAS'. DATA: o_client TYPE REF TO if_http_client. DATA: lv_http_rc TYPE i. DATA: lv_reason TYPE string. TRY. cl_http_client=>create_by_destination( EXPORTING destination = lv_http_dest IMPORTING client = o_client ). o_client->request->set_method( if_http_request=>co_request_method_get ). o_client->send( ). o_client->receive( ). o_client->response->get_status( IMPORTING code = lv_http_rc reason = lv_reason ). IF lv_http_rc = 200. DATA(lv_xml) = o_client->response->get_cdata( ). cl_abap_browser=>show_xml( xml_string = lv_xml title = 'XML-Daten' size = cl_abap_browser=>large ). ELSE. WRITE: / 'Fehler: ', lv_http_rc. ENDIF. o_client->close( ). CATCH cx_root INTO DATA(e_txt). WRITE: / e_txt->get_text( ). ENDTRY.

Schlagwort: get_header_fields

[ABAP] Einfacher REST-Service (ohne OData)

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[ABAP] HTTP-Client Anfrage (cl_http_client)

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Variante 2 (HTTP-Alias)

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